Keywords： Manchukuo, Mongols, secondary education for girls, Japanese occupation, Xing’an Girls National High 【Abstract】This study aims to clarify the actual situation of secondary education for Mongolian girls in Manchukuo, which was a colony under Japanese occupation from 1932–1945. I examine how educational policy of training “good wives and wise mothers,” was introduced in the secondary education of Mongolian girls in Manchukuo, and whether the Mongolian girls became good wives and wise mothers in accordance with the Japanese intentions. I focus on the Xing’an Girls National High School （XGNHS） established in Xing’an Province of Manchukuo. In the case of XGNHS, the Japanese rulers were only trying to use the Mongolian girls as a tool for colonial rule. However, the girls were by no means submissive to the wishes of the Japanese rulers. After the defeat of Japan in 1945, many Mongolian girls who had been trained at XGNHS actively participated in the revolutionary movement, and contributed to the establishment of the People’s Republic of China in 1949. They were instrumental in the creation of Inner Mongolia and became the pioneers of the Mongolian women’s movement. This study is based primarily on literature review.School87IntroductionThis study aims to clarify the actual situation of secondary education for Mongolian girls in Manchukuo, which was a colony under Japanese occupation from 1932–1945 1. At the time, the ultimate goal of secondary education for girls in Japan was to create “good wives and wise mothers,” and the same was true for Mongolian girls in Manchukuo. In this study, I examine how this educational policy was introduced in the secondary education of Mongolian girls in Manchukuo, and whether the Mongolian girls became good wives and wise mothers in accordance with the Japanese intentions. To achieve this purpose, I will focus on the Xing’an Girls National High School （XGNHS） established in Xing’an Province of Manchukuo.Xing’an Province, which shared its border with the Soviet Union and the Mongolian People’s Republic, was one of the regions in Manchukuo with a high concentration of Mongols. At the time, few Mongolian children received school education. XGNHS, with its focus on providing education to Mongolian girls, played an important role in training the elite.What kind of education was provided in the schools in Manchukuo, and what kind of students did the Japanese try to nurture there? What were young Mongolian women thinking and trying to Atsuko SHIMBOSecondary Education for Girls under the Japanese Occupation: Focusing on the Mongols in Manchukuo
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