243Consideration to Establishing Evening Classes at Japanese Junior High Schools and Focusing on the case of Arakawa 9th Junior High SchoolWhat the Early Days Were Like: As a result of educational reform in 1947, compulsory education of Japan was extended from six years to nine years. However, during the postwar chaos, a number of people were unable to attend school due to the financial reasons. Junior high school students of poor family worked daytime in order to support their families instead of going to school. Evening classes were established as a place to guarantee them school education. In Tokyo the evening classes were opened at Adachi 4th junior high school first.Even though Arakawa Ward was severely damaged by war and there lived many poor families whose children had to work daytime and were absent from school for a long time, the evening classes were opened only in 1957, after 10 years of educational reform. This paper analyzes why it took so long to open the classes, the process of the opening of the classes, people who played a major role in the opening, the early days of the school, the teachers’ effort to manage the classes, the curriculum, the students’ family type and the labor environment, etc.As a conclusion, I mentioned that the evening classes played an important role for such students who were unable to attend the school daytime. In this way, they could complete nine years school education which guaranteed them to proceed to the next stage of education, to work for better positions, even a better life. Evening classes provided them not only the education, but the total support like providing meals, taking care of the students’ physical and mental health, giving advice on everyday life and counseling for the future.Mamatkulova NILUFAR
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